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His publications can be downloaded at darrennaish.wordpress.com. In spite of being classified as Least Concern, Collared peccaries are affected by a number of factors, which negatively impact their numbers. He has been blogging at Tetrapod Zoology since 2006. Scent marking occurs through rubbing the hind part on the ground or on tree bark. After a short while, the newborn peccaries begin following their mother. Collared peccary is represented by 14 sub-species, which is a result of adaptation to various environmental conditions. Self-sharpening, vertically implanted, interlocking canines. Consequently the jaws can only open and close in a simple hinge-like arrangement. Collared peccary is … The tightly aligned canine teeth of these animals constantly sharpen. Peccaries differ from pigs in more than just geography, and perhaps the most reliable way to tell a peccary from a pig is to take a look at its mouth—the number and arrangement of teeth is different. Whatever, all the more reason not to put your hand in a peccary’s mouth. Collared peccaries display very territorial behavior, marking their home ranges with special scent glands, found on their rump. They are also highly social animals, gathering in considerably large groups of up to 50 individuals, led by a single alpha male, which mates with females of the group. These animals don't display a specific breeding season and instead may breed throughout the year. More specifically this is a collared peccary; there are two, maybe three other species of New World pig wandering around in Central and South America. Darren Naish is a science writer, technical editor and palaeozoologist (affiliated with the University of Southampton, UK). But this isn’t the whole story, as fossil peccaries ordinarily are dimorphic, with many forms exhibiting significant (i.e., distinctly bimodal) differences in canine size (Wright 1998). Bonner Zoologische Beiträge 55, 105-112. It’s surely relevant to stuff we’ll get to in a minute. Check out the Tet Zoo podcast at tetzoo.com! They have sharp, straight tusks that fit tightly together. Being herbivores, Collared peccaries may have a role in the structuring of plant communities and are seed dispersers. Mexican hog, Musk hog, Javelina, Quenk, Saíno or Báquiro. These animals are so called due to their sharp tusks. The views expressed are those of the author(s) and are not necessarily those of Scientific American. Overall, this species is classified as Least Concern (LC) on the IUCN Red List and its numbers remain stable today. If Kiltie is right about the bracing function of the canines, this would explain why – unlike many other mammals that use their canines as offensive weapons – peccaries aren’t sexually dimorphic in canine size. Defensively, the collared peccary uses its canine teeth, denning, its larger herd formations, nocturnal habits, and greater flexibility of forward vision as defense mechanisms (Wetzel 1977). Three extant species are conventionally recognised (Collared peccary Pecari tajacu, White-lipped peccary Tayassu pecari and Chacoan peccary Catagonus wagneri), but a fourth (the Giant peccary … Currently, this species is recognized as a member of Tayassuidae family. They are also known as Javelina, i.e., “javelin” in reference to their fearsome canines (see Fig. Communication system of this species includes several sounds such as an alarm call, aggression display or a submission sound. TAXONOMY Order - Artiodactyla (cloven-hoofed) Suborder - Suiformes ("pig-like") Family - Tayassuidae (peccaries) Collared peccaries generally maintain herbivorous diet, which varies depending on geographical range. But exactly why do the canines interlock? The word "javelina" means "javelin" or "sword" in Spanish. All of the skull sutures in adult peccaries are completely closed, and in fact even juveniles exhibit closure of certain of the sutures ordinarily open in young mammals. These animals are also found in Central and Southern America, where their numbers appear to be stable. These Peccaries have a rather large area of distribution, stretching from South America (northern Argentina) to Central America and as far north as the southern portions of Arizona, New Mexico and Texas in the U.S. Holiday Sale: Save 25%. 2007) and remains the topic of debate. The function of interlocking canines in rain forest peccaries (Tayassuidae). Explore our digital archive back to 1845, including articles by more than 150 Nobel Prize winners. Biotropica 14, 188-195. Journal of Morphology 257, 33-44. van Roosmalen, M. G. M., Frenz, L., van Hooft, P. de Iongh, H. H. & Leirs, H. 2007. The word "pecary" is likely to originate from the native Brazilian Tupi language and literally means "many paths through the woods". Babirusas, part II, What's with the bizarre curving tusks? They are endemic to Nearctic and Neotropical regions. It has a musk gland at the top of its rump. Three extant species are conventionally recognised (Collared peccary Pecari tajacu, White-lipped peccary Tayassu pecari and Chacoan peccary Catagonus wagneri), but a fourth (the Giant peccary P. maximus) was named in 2007 (van Roosmalen et al. I’m guessing that this is relevant to the sutural fusions seen in peccaries (maybe peccaries have evolved a novel solution to coping with strains built up during tooth occlusion), but I don’t know if this area has been studied. This form of communication allows group members to recognize each other. Rafferty, K. L., Herring, S. W. & Marshall, C. D. 2003. It has stocky body and slender legs. So what gives? These animals can occasionally be seen in residential areas, frequently hand-fed by local people. Gestation period lasts for up to 150 days, yielding 1 - 5 young. Compared with the Old World pigs, collared peccary has smaller body and thinner legs. Several other features of the peccary dentition seem to support the idea that peccaries are specialised for breaking open rock-hard objects, as are behavioural studies. Wright, D. B. Their jaws are equipped with extremely sharp teeth. Because of the poorly developed vision, Collared peccaries mainly rely on vocalizations to communicate with conspecifics. As well as partially to south-western North America noticeably, a Division of Nature America, Inc. Support award-winning... Communities and are seed dispersers sharp tusks most noticeably, a pig ’ s mouth also mutual! At about 2 - 3 months of their natural habitat domestic pig the! Sus, and Ungulatelike Mammals natural habitat sharp teeth can yield serious to. 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